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桌面字体
TrueType Font - universal desktop font format developed by Apple and Microsoft in the 1980s. Uses quadratic Bézier curves for glyph outlines. Excellent screen rendering with hinting technology. Works on all platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux). Supports Unicode with up to 65,536 glyphs. Standard desktop font format with maximum compatibility. Perfect for document embedding, desktop publishing, and cross-platform typography. Universal support in all operating systems and applications. Reliable choice for general-purpose font usage.
OpenType Font - modern font format jointly developed by Adobe and Microsoft (1996) extending TrueType. Uses cubic Bézier curves (PostScript outlines) allowing more complex glyph shapes. Supports advanced typography features (ligatures, alternate glyphs, contextual substitutions). Can contain up to 65,536 glyphs enabling comprehensive language support. Cross-platform compatibility (Windows, Mac, Linux). Industry standard for professional typography and multilingual documents. Perfect for print design, branding, and high-quality typography. Superior to TTF for complex scripts and advanced typographic features.
Mac Data Fork Font - legacy Macintosh font format storing TrueType/PostScript data in data fork. Used in Mac OS 9 and earlier. Phased out with Mac OS X transition to .ttf and .otf. Contains complete font data in single file (unlike resource fork fonts). Limited compatibility with modern systems. Convert to TTF or OTF for current macOS and cross-platform use. Historical format important for accessing old Mac fonts. Mainly encountered when migrating legacy Mac systems.
Compact Font Format - Adobe's space-efficient font outline format used within OpenType fonts. Stores glyph outlines using PostScript-based charstrings. More compact than TrueType outlines. Used in OTF fonts with PostScript outlines. Not standalone font file - embedded in OTF. Professional typography standard. Better compression than TTF outlines. Extract from OTF or work with complete OTF fonts.
CID-Keyed Font - Adobe font format for large character sets (Asian languages with thousands of characters). Character ID based system for efficient large font handling. Used in professional CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) typography. Complex format requiring PostScript RIP support. Legacy format superseded by Unicode OpenType. Convert to modern OTF with Unicode mapping for compatibility. Important for accessing legacy Asian language fonts.
Spline Font Database - FontForge's native font format. Editable font source format storing complete font data including editing information. ASCII or binary format with full font metadata. Used in font design and development. Convert to TTF/OTF for deployable fonts. Perfect for font design workflow. Maintains complete font development history. FontForge is free open-source font editor.
Unified Font Object - open source font source format (XML-based directory structure). Developed by font tool creators for interoperability. Stores complete font design data in human-readable XML. Used by modern font editors (RoboFont, Glyphs, FontForge). Perfect for font development and version control. Industry standard for open font source files. Compile to TTF/OTF for distribution. Excellent for collaborative font design.
网页格式
Web Open Font Format - font format specifically designed for web use (2009). Compressed TrueType/OpenType fonts reducing file size by ~40%. Supported by 99% of browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge). Includes metadata for licensing and font information. Perfect for website typography ensuring consistent rendering across devices. Industry standard for web fonts. Faster page loads than raw TTF/OTF. Essential for modern web design and custom typography. Recommended for broad web compatibility.
WOFF 2.0 - improved web font format (2014) with better compression using Brotli algorithm. 30% smaller than WOFF with faster decompression. Supported by all modern browsers (96%+ global coverage). Maintains WOFF's metadata and licensing features. Superior performance for web typography. Recommended format for modern websites. Falls back to WOFF for older browsers. Essential for optimizing website performance and reducing bandwidth. Default choice for contemporary web development.
Embedded OpenType - proprietary web font format developed by Microsoft for Internet Explorer. Compressed and subset fonts with DRM protection. Only supported by Internet Explorer (legacy browser). Obsolete format replaced by WOFF/WOFF2. Historically important for web fonts (1997-2010s). Still encountered in legacy websites. Not recommended for new projects. Convert to WOFF2/WOFF for modern browsers. Maintained only for backward compatibility with old IE versions.
SVG Font - vector-based font format embedded in SVG files. Defines glyphs as SVG paths allowing colors, gradients, and effects. Deprecated for web use in favor of WOFF. Limited browser support (only Safari supports SVG fonts). Larger file sizes than outline fonts. Mainly historical format. Useful for special effects and colored fonts. Modern alternative: OpenType-SVG. Not recommended for general use. Better options: WOFF2 with icon fonts or OpenType color fonts.
专业格式
PostScript Font Binary - Adobe Type 1 binary format for professional printing (1984). Contains glyph outlines in PostScript language. Excellent print quality with precise curves. Requires corresponding PFM or AFM metrics file. Standard in professional publishing and printing industry. Limited to 256 glyphs (single-byte encoding). Being replaced by OpenType. Still used in legacy publishing workflows. Convert to OTF for modern compatibility while preserving PostScript quality.
PostScript Font ASCII - Adobe Type 1 ASCII variant of PFB format. Human-readable PostScript code defining font outlines. Used for font development and debugging. Less efficient than PFB binary format. Requires PFM or AFM metrics file. Same quality as PFB for printing. Legacy format for professional typography. Convert to OTF for modern systems. Primarily historical significance in desktop publishing evolution.
Printer Font Metrics - Windows metrics file for Type 1 PostScript fonts. Contains font measurements (character widths, kerning pairs, bounding boxes). Required companion to PFB/PFA for proper rendering on Windows. Text file format with font metrics data. Does not contain glyph outlines. Legacy format from Windows 3.1/95 era. Used with PFB for complete Type 1 font installation. Modern OpenType fonts include metrics internally. Convert Type 1 fonts to OTF to consolidate metrics and outlines.
Adobe Font Metrics - Adobe's metrics format for Type 1 PostScript fonts. Contains character widths, kerning pairs, ligatures, and bounding boxes. ASCII text format readable by humans and applications. Companion to PFB/PFA outline files. Used by font design tools and professional publishing software. Essential for proper font spacing and kerning. Legacy format with historical importance in digital typography. Modern fonts embed metrics in OTF format. Convert to OpenType for integrated metrics and outlines.
Binary Font File - generic binary font data format used by various font tools and editors. Contains raw font outline data without specific format wrapper. Used in font development and conversion pipelines. Requires specific tools to process. Not a standard end-user format. Intermediate format in font creation workflow. Convert to TTF or OTF for usable fonts. Primarily relevant in font design and development contexts.
Mac Suitcase Font - legacy Macintosh font container (Mac OS Classic) storing multiple fonts in one file. Contains TrueType or PostScript fonts in resource fork. Used with Font Suitcase format (.suit extension). Obsolete with Mac OS X migration. Poor compatibility with modern systems. Required Font/DA Mover for installation on old Macs. Extract individual fonts and convert to TTF/OTF for modern use. Important for recovering fonts from classic Mac archives and systems.
PostScript Font Program - Adobe PostScript Type 1 font in PostScript language format. Contains font outlines as PostScript code. Used for printer font downloads and font development. Human-readable but inefficient. Legacy format from desktop publishing era. Convert to OTF for modern usage. Historical importance in professional typography. Mainly encountered in old publishing workflows.
PageMaker 3 Font - legacy font format from Aldus PageMaker 3.0 (1980s desktop publishing). Proprietary format specific to early PageMaker versions. Obsolete format with no modern support. Important only for recovering old PageMaker documents. Convert to TTF/OTF if font data recoverable. Historical artifact from desktop publishing evolution. Better alternatives available for all uses.
Type 11 Font - variant of PostScript CID-Keyed font format. Used for complex fonts with large character sets. Legacy format for Asian language fonts. Limited modern support. Convert to Unicode OpenType for compatibility. Historical format in CJK font development. Modern alternatives handle large character sets better with Unicode.
Type 42 Font - PostScript font format wrapping TrueType outlines. Hybrid format combining PostScript wrapper with TrueType data. Used for downloading TrueType fonts to PostScript printers. Primarily printer-internal format. Limited end-user relevance. Convert underlying TrueType to TTF/OTF. Historical bridge between TrueType and PostScript worlds.
如何转换文件
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常见问题
什么是T42字体,为什么它是为PostScript工作流程创建的?
T42字体将TrueType轮廓包装在PostScript兼容结构内。
这使得PostScript打印机能够渲染TrueType字体,而无需将其转换为Type 1。
It served as a bridge between Windows TrueType and PostScript-oriented publishing systems.
为什么Type 42嵌入TrueType字形数据而不是使用本机PostScript曲线?
TrueType字形使用二次Bézier曲线,而PostScript通常无法直接解释。
Type 42提供了一个映射层,以便PostScript可以访问TrueType表。
这保留了原始字形设计,同时启用PostScript输出。
Why did early Windows-to-PostScript printing require T42 conversion?
Windows applications generated TrueType text, but printers expected PostScript.
Type 42充当了嵌入PS打印作业中的即时翻译器。
没有它,TrueType字体将被光栅化或替代。
为什么T42字体可以包含整个TrueType `glyf`和`loca`表?
Type 42将原始TrueType数据块直接嵌入PostScript字典中。
这使得PostScript解释器能够准确重建字形形状。
除非明确请求,否则不会执行曲线转换。
为什么T42字体对RIP和排版机兼容性很重要?
许多光栅图像处理器缺乏本机TrueType支持。
嵌入T42确保字形在基于PostScript的工作流程中一致渲染。
这减少了印前环境中的字体替代问题。
为什么T42字体有时出现在从设计软件导出的EPS文件中?
EPS要求所有字体都嵌入或引用以确保可靠打印。
当文档使用TrueType字体时,软件将其嵌入为Type 42块。
这确保打印机可以访问所需的字形。
为什么Type 42在很大程度上依赖于TrueType提示系统?
由于它嵌入本机TrueType表,因此也保留了TrueType提示指令。
PostScript解释器执行这些提示以改善光栅质量。
这保持了期望的屏幕优化TrueType设计的清晰度。
为什么 T42 字体会增加 PostScript 文件的大小?
嵌入 TrueType 表会为 PS 程序增加大量的二进制数据。
大型字形集和提示表会增加额外的开销。
这种扩展是设备无关打印的权衡。
Why did Adobe discourage the use of T42 once OpenType became standard?
OpenType 将 TrueType 和 PostScript 轮廓统一为一种可在所有主要平台上读取的格式。
OpenType 消除了在 PostScript 文件中嵌入兼容层的需要。
T42 仅在遗留工作流程中仍然有用。
为什么一些打印机会拒绝 T42 字体,即使它们理解 PostScript?
只有 PostScript Level 2 及更高版本支持 Type 42 字体。
较旧的 Level 1 解释器无法解析嵌入的 TrueType 表。
在这种情况下,打印机会替代回退字体或出现错误。
为什么 Type 42 保留了 TrueType 的 `cmap` 表?
`cmap` 表将 Unicode 或代码点映射到字形索引。
PostScript 使用此映射来定位嵌入字体中的字形数据。
这为多语言文本保留了完整的字符覆盖。
为什么一些 PDF 生成器将 T42 字体转换为 CID-Keyed 或 Type 0 字体?
PDF 引擎更喜欢可缩放的、设备无关的容器,以优化压缩。
Type 0 和 CID-Keyed 字体更有效地处理多种编码。
转换减少了文件大小并标准化输出。
为什么设计师很少直接编辑 T42 字体?
Type 42 是一种输出格式,而不是设计格式。
它反映了 TrueType 表的内部结构,使手动编辑不切实际。
设计师会修改 TTF 源文件,然后重新生成 T42 输出。
为什么 T42 字体有时无法嵌入某些字形?
应用程序可能在将 TrueType 字体包装为 Type 42 之前错误地子集化它。
当子集表引用未包含的索引时,会出现缺失的字形。
正确的子集化确保 T42 一致性。
为什么 T42 在某些科学和档案工作流程中仍然相关?
遗留的基于 PostScript 的管道仍然依赖 Type 42 进行准确的数学和符号渲染。
一些专业软件默认输出 T42,因为它保证了 RIP 兼容性。
尽管过时,T42 在旧系统中仍然对保留可重现的打印结果至关重要。