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Supported Formats
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Word Processing
Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document - legacy binary format used by older Word versions. Supports rich text formatting, images, tables, and complex layouts. Maximum compatibility with legacy systems and older Microsoft Office versions (Office 97-2007). File sizes typically larger than modern DOCX. Common in corporate archives, legacy document management systems, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still widely supported but superseded by DOCX for new documents.
Microsoft Word 2007+ Document - modern XML-based format providing better compression (40-75% smaller than DOC), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Open XML standard with better data extraction capabilities. Supports all Word features including styles, themes, SmartArt, advanced formatting, and embedded objects. Industry standard for word processing. Native format for Microsoft Word 2007+, compatible with Google Docs, LibreOffice, and all modern office suites. Essential for professional documents, collaborative editing, and modern workflows.
OpenDocument Text - open standard format for word processors developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Writer and Apache OpenOffice Writer. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility and vendor independence. Supports advanced formatting, styles, images, tables, and all standard word processing features. Excellent for open-source environments, government documents (mandated in many countries), and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions and patent concerns.
Rich Text Format - universal document format developed by Microsoft (1987) for cross-platform text exchange. Readable by virtually all word processors (Word, WordPad, LibreOffice, Google Docs, Pages). Supports basic formatting (fonts, colors, styles, tables) without complex features. Larger file sizes than modern formats but maximum compatibility. Perfect for sharing formatted documents across different systems, email attachments ensuring readability, and legacy system compatibility. Reliable intermediate format for document conversion.
Word Macro-Enabled Document - DOCX format with embedded VBA macros. Supports automation, custom functions, and advanced document processing. Security risk if macros from untrusted sources. Used in business environments for automated document workflows. Same features as DOCX plus programmability. Perfect for automated reports, form processing, and document generation. Requires macro security settings in Word. Convert to DOCX to remove macros for safer sharing.
Word 97-2003 Template - legacy template format for Microsoft Word. Contains styles, formatting, and placeholder content for document creation. Binary format compatible with old Word versions. Larger file sizes than DOTX. Common in corporate environments with standardized documents. Perfect for letterheads, forms, and recurring document types. Being replaced by DOTX. Convert to DOTX for modern Word compatibility and smaller file sizes.
Word Template - modern XML-based template format for Microsoft Word 2007+. Contains styles, themes, formatting, and boilerplate content. Smaller file sizes than DOT. Used for standardized documents, letterheads, forms, and corporate templates. Opens as new document preserving template. Perfect for consistent branding and document standardization. Industry standard for Word templates. Compatible with modern Office versions and alternatives.
Word Macro-Enabled Template - DOTX template with embedded VBA macros. Combines template functionality with automation. Used for automated document generation and complex form processing. Security considerations for macro-enabled templates. Perfect for business workflows requiring automated document creation. Common in enterprise environments. Requires macro-enabled Word. Remove macros and convert to DOTX for safer distribution.
AbiWord Document - native format for AbiWord word processor (open-source alternative to Microsoft Word). XML-based lightweight format supporting basic word processing features including formatting, tables, images, and styles. Smaller file sizes than DOC/DOCX. Compatible with AbiWord on Windows, Linux, and Mac. Good RTF compatibility for cross-application usage. Perfect for lightweight word processing in open-source environments. Limited support outside AbiWord. Convert to DOCX or PDF for wider compatibility.
Applix Word Document - legacy format from Applix Words word processor (1990s Unix/Linux). Proprietary format with limited modern support. Historical format from early Unix office suites. Rarely encountered except in legacy system migrations. Convert to modern formats (ODT, DOCX, PDF) for accessibility. Important for recovering documents from old Applix installations. Better alternatives available for all use cases.
DocBook XML - semantic markup format for technical documentation. XML-based structure focusing on content over presentation. Widely used in software documentation, technical manuals, and publishing. Separates content from formatting enabling multiple output formats (PDF, HTML, EPUB). Perfect for complex technical documentation requiring version control and multiple output formats. Standard in open-source documentation. Requires XSLT processing for readable output.
KWord Document - native format for KWord word processor (part of KOffice/Calligra Suite). XML-based format for KDE office applications. Supports frames-based layout for flexible document design. Less common than mainstream formats. Linux-centric format with limited Windows/Mac support. Convert to ODT or DOCX for wider compatibility. Historical format from KDE office suite evolution. Better alternatives available for modern use.
OpenOffice.org 1.0 Writer - legacy OpenDocument format predecessor. XML-based format from OpenOffice.org 1.x era (2002-2005). Replaced by ODT in OpenOffice 2.0. Supported by older OpenOffice and LibreOffice versions. Convert to ODT for modern compatibility. Historical format important for accessing old OpenOffice documents. Modern LibreOffice can open but saving in ODT recommended.
Plain Text - simplest document format containing only unformatted ASCII or Unicode characters. No fonts, colors, images, or layout information. Universal compatibility across all platforms, text editors, and systems. Smallest possible file sizes. Perfect for notes, code, scripts, logs, and any situation requiring absolute simplicity and portability. Essential format for programming, configuration files, data exchange, and scenarios where formatting is unnecessary. Works on any device from mainframes to smartphones.
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Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Workbook - legacy binary spreadsheet format supporting up to 65,536 rows and 256 columns per sheet. Contains formulas, formatting, charts, and multiple worksheets. Compatible with older Excel versions (Excel 97-2007). File size limited to ~30MB. Common in legacy business systems, old financial databases, and environments requiring Excel 97-2003 compatibility. Being replaced by XLSX but still encountered in corporate archives and legacy data systems.
Microsoft Excel 2007+ Workbook - modern XML-based spreadsheet format with 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns per sheet. Provides better compression (75% smaller than XLS), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Supports all Excel capabilities including formulas, pivot tables, charts, conditional formatting, and macros (in XLSM variant). Industry standard for spreadsheets. Compatible with Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, and all modern office suites. Essential for data analysis, financial modeling, and business intelligence.
OpenDocument Spreadsheet - open standard format for spreadsheet applications developed by OASIS. Native format for LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. XML-based structure ensuring data accessibility and vendor independence. Supports formulas, charts, multiple sheets, and standard spreadsheet features. Excellent for open-source workflows, government use (mandated by many countries), and avoiding Microsoft Office licensing. Free from proprietary restrictions with long-term document accessibility guarantees.
Comma-Separated Values - simple text format for tabular data where each line represents a row and commas separate columns. Universal data exchange format readable by all spreadsheet applications, databases, and programming languages. No formatting, formulas, or multiple sheets - pure data only. Smallest file sizes for tabular data. Perfect for data import/export, database operations, data analysis with Python/R, and sharing datasets. Essential format for data science, web applications, and system integration. Works with Excel, databases, and any data processing tool.
{group_presentation}
Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 Presentation - legacy binary format for slide presentations. Supports slides, animations, transitions, embedded media, and speaker notes. Compatible with older PowerPoint versions (PowerPoint 97-2007). File sizes larger than modern PPTX. Common in legacy presentation archives, older corporate training materials, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still playable but superseded by PPTX for new presentations. Found in archived presentations from pre-2007 era.
Microsoft PowerPoint 2007+ Presentation - modern XML-based format providing better compression (up to 75% smaller than PPT), improved recovery, and enhanced multimedia support. Supports all PowerPoint features including advanced animations, transitions, embedded videos, SmartArt, themes, and master slides. Industry standard for presentations. Native format for PowerPoint 2007+, compatible with Google Slides, LibreOffice Impress, and Keynote. Essential for business presentations, educational slideshows, and professional communication.
OpenDocument Presentation - open standard format for presentation software developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Impress and Apache OpenOffice Impress. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility. Supports slides, animations, transitions, multimedia, and standard presentation features. Excellent for open-source environments, government presentations, and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions. Compatible with PowerPoint through conversion but best used within open-source office suites.
Other Formats
Portable Document Format - universal document format developed by Adobe maintaining exact visual appearance across all platforms and devices. Preserves fonts, images, layouts, and formatting precisely. Industry standard for document distribution, official documents, forms, archival, and printing. Not designed for editing (though modern tools allow limited editing). Supports encryption, digital signatures, forms, annotations, and accessibility features. Essential for contracts, invoices, reports, e-books, and any document requiring consistent appearance. Most widely supported document format globally.
DjVu Document - specialized format for scanned documents, books, and manuscripts. Superior compression for bitonal and color scanned images. Smaller than PDF for scanned content (3-10x). Supports OCR text layer, annotations, and bookmarks. Perfect for digital libraries, scientific papers, historical documents, and scanned books. Specialized viewers required (DjVuLibre, browser plugins). Excellent for archiving paper documents digitally. Convert to PDF for broader accessibility.
XML Paper Specification - Microsoft's document format similar to PDF. Fixed-layout format preserving exact document appearance. Native support in Windows Vista+. Supports vector graphics, fonts embedding, and digital signatures. Alternative to PDF in Windows environments. Limited support outside Windows ecosystem. Perfect for Windows-only document distribution. Convert to PDF for universal compatibility across all platforms.
Open XML Paper Specification - standardized version of XPS as ECMA standard. Same features as XPS with formal specification. Better cross-platform support than original XPS. Fixed-layout document format with vector graphics support. Used in some Windows applications and printers. Limited adoption compared to PDF. Convert to PDF for maximum compatibility. Mainly relevant in Windows printing workflows.
Markdown - lightweight markup language using plain text formatting syntax for creating formatted documents. Simple symbols (* for italics, ** for bold, # for headings) convert to HTML. Human-readable in plain text. Perfect for README files, documentation, blogs, note-taking, and technical writing. Popular among developers, technical writers, and content creators. Supports headers, lists, links, images, code blocks, and basic formatting. Extremely portable and future-proof. Foundation of many static site generators and documentation systems.
HyperText Markup Language - standard markup language for web pages containing text, images, links, and multimedia. Readable in any web browser without special software. Supports styling (CSS), interactivity (JavaScript), and rich media embedding. Universal web standard since 1991. Perfect for web publishing, online documentation, email newsletters, and accessible content. Extremely portable with guaranteed long-term support. Can be converted from documents for web distribution or archived for offline viewing.
Electronic Publication - open standard e-book format based on HTML, CSS, and XML. Reflowable text adapts to any screen size. Supports fonts, images, metadata, table of contents, and CSS styling. Industry standard for e-books compatible with most e-readers (Kindle via conversion, Kobo, Nook, Apple Books, Google Play Books). Perfect for digital publishing, self-publishing, and distributing long-form content. EPUB 3 adds multimedia and interactivity. Essential format for authors, publishers, and digital libraries.
How to Convert Files
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is an OXPS file and how does it differ from the older XPS format?
An OXPS file is a modernized version of Microsoft’s XML Paper Specification (XPS) format, built on top of the OpenXPS standard defined by ECMA. It stores fixed-layout documents in a device-independent form, ensuring that fonts, images, vector graphics, and layout remain identical on any system.
OXPS improves upon the original XPS by using standardized packaging rules, updated XML namespaces, and broader compliance with open specifications. This makes the format more consistent across different platforms—at least in theory—although support outside Windows remains limited.
Despite its improvements, OXPS remains a niche format mostly encountered within Windows print workflows and enterprise environments, where fixed-layout accuracy is required.
Why did Microsoft introduce OXPS to replace the older XPS format?
Microsoft transitioned to OXPS to align with OpenXPS, an ECMA-standardized specification designed to make the format more open, consistent, and interoperable. The goal was to modernize the structure and eliminate inconsistencies in early XPS implementations.
OpenXPS also provided a cleaner, more predictable XML schema and ZIP-based structure that aligned with other open document formats such as DOCX, ODT, and PDF/A workflows.
However, despite standardization, broad industry adoption never materialized, and OXPS support remains strongest inside the Windows ecosystem.
Why do OXPS files preserve exact layout, fonts, and graphics?
OXPS is a fixed-layout document format, meaning every page is described using precise positioning, embedded fonts, and resolution-independent vector graphics.
Unlike reflowable formats, OXPS ensures each page displays and prints exactly as authored, regardless of screen size or printer hardware.
This makes OXPS suitable for invoices, contracts, forms, engineering diagrams, and archival materials where layout consistency is critical.
Why do some systems struggle to open OXPS files?
Support for OXPS is tightly integrated into newer Windows builds, but macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android lack native OXPS viewers, relying instead on conversion tools or limited third-party applications.
Even older versions of Windows may require manual installation of the OXPS viewer or converters, since legacy systems expected the earlier XPS format.
Because OXPS adoption was modest, viewer availability outside Windows remains limited.
Why do users often convert OXPS documents to PDF?
PDF is universally supported across all platforms, browsers, and devices, making it the preferred choice for document exchange, printing, and archiving.
Conversion ensures that OXPS documents remain accessible even in environments without native support.
PDF also provides richer functionality—annotations, signing, form filling, collaboration—that OXPS does not widely support.
Why is OXPS packaged as a ZIP archive internally?
OXPS follows the Open Packaging Convention (OPC), storing document data, resources, XML markup, fonts, and images inside a structured ZIP container.
This modular design simplifies parsing, debugging, and resource extraction for developers and enterprise tools.
The architecture parallels modern formats such as DOCX, XLSX, and PPTX.
Why do OXPS files sometimes appear larger than similar PDFs?
OXPS relies heavily on verbose XML markup and may embed complete fonts rather than subsets, increasing file size.
Images inside OXPS files are stored with straightforward compression rules that may not match PDF’s more advanced optimization techniques.
Consequently, PDF often produces smaller and more efficient files for the same content.
Why is OXPS still used in certain enterprise and government workflows?
Some Windows-centric organizations built automated printing, archiving, or reporting pipelines around XPS-based technologies.
OXPS integrates tightly with the Windows print subsystem, particularly with 'Microsoft XPS Document Writer' in newer versions.
These systems continue to use OXPS for stability and predictable print output, even if adoption outside the ecosystem is low.
Why do OXPS documents maintain vector quality regardless of zoom level?
OXPS supports scalable vector graphics for shapes, text, and illustrations, ensuring that content appears crisp at any zoom level or print resolution.
Because fixed-layout instructions store exact geometry, lines and curves remain smooth rather than pixelated.
This makes OXPS useful for technical documents, diagrams, charts, and forms requiring sharp printed output.
Why does OXPS handle digital signatures differently than PDF?
OXPS uses XML Digital Signatures, which authenticate document content at the component level inside the package.
While technically robust, this system lacks the widespread tooling and ecosystem support that PDF signature workflows enjoy.
This limits practical usage of signing features in OXPS compared to industry-standard PDF/A and PDF signatures.
Why do OXPS viewers vary between versions of Windows?
Older versions relied on built-in XPS viewers that were later replaced or deprecated as Microsoft shifted toward OXPS and updated printing pipelines.
Windows 10 and 11 offer optional OXPS capabilities that may be disabled by default for security or performance reasons.
Viewer features and rendering engines evolved over time, causing differences in display accuracy and performance.
Why is extracting searchable text from OXPS sometimes difficult?
Some OXPS files store text using vector paths rather than actual character-encoded glyphs, similar to certain PDFs.
Embedded fonts may lack complete Unicode maps, reducing text extraction accuracy.
OCR tools or conversion to PDF often restore searchable, selectable text.
Why was OXPS never widely adopted outside the Windows environment?
The document industry had already standardized around PDF by the time OXPS was introduced, leaving little incentive for cross-platform adoption.
Third-party developers saw limited demand, resulting in few tools supporting OXPS natively.
As a result, OXPS remained largely confined to Microsoft printing and archiving workflows.
Why do printers sometimes generate OXPS files internally?
The Windows print pipeline often converts documents into XPS or OXPS as an intermediate spool format for consistent rendering.
This prevents printer driver inconsistencies and ensures uniform output across different hardware.
Users rarely see these internal OXPS spooled files unless debugging print jobs.
Should you keep using OXPS or migrate to PDF?
Use OXPS if your workflow relies heavily on Windows printing pipelines and you require fixed-layout accuracy within closed systems.
For general document sharing, collaboration, accessibility, or long-term archiving, PDF is vastly more compatible and future-proof.
Most users benefit from converting OXPS files to PDF to ensure universal readability and compatibility across all platforms.