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Supported Formats

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Word Processing

DOC

Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document - legacy binary format used by older Word versions. Supports rich text formatting, images, tables, and complex layouts. Maximum compatibility with legacy systems and older Microsoft Office versions (Office 97-2007). File sizes typically larger than modern DOCX. Common in corporate archives, legacy document management systems, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still widely supported but superseded by DOCX for new documents.

DOCX

Microsoft Word 2007+ Document - modern XML-based format providing better compression (40-75% smaller than DOC), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Open XML standard with better data extraction capabilities. Supports all Word features including styles, themes, SmartArt, advanced formatting, and embedded objects. Industry standard for word processing. Native format for Microsoft Word 2007+, compatible with Google Docs, LibreOffice, and all modern office suites. Essential for professional documents, collaborative editing, and modern workflows.

ODT

OpenDocument Text - open standard format for word processors developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Writer and Apache OpenOffice Writer. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility and vendor independence. Supports advanced formatting, styles, images, tables, and all standard word processing features. Excellent for open-source environments, government documents (mandated in many countries), and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions and patent concerns.

RTF

Rich Text Format - universal document format developed by Microsoft (1987) for cross-platform text exchange. Readable by virtually all word processors (Word, WordPad, LibreOffice, Google Docs, Pages). Supports basic formatting (fonts, colors, styles, tables) without complex features. Larger file sizes than modern formats but maximum compatibility. Perfect for sharing formatted documents across different systems, email attachments ensuring readability, and legacy system compatibility. Reliable intermediate format for document conversion.

DOCM

Word Macro-Enabled Document - DOCX format with embedded VBA macros. Supports automation, custom functions, and advanced document processing. Security risk if macros from untrusted sources. Used in business environments for automated document workflows. Same features as DOCX plus programmability. Perfect for automated reports, form processing, and document generation. Requires macro security settings in Word. Convert to DOCX to remove macros for safer sharing.

DOT

Word 97-2003 Template - legacy template format for Microsoft Word. Contains styles, formatting, and placeholder content for document creation. Binary format compatible with old Word versions. Larger file sizes than DOTX. Common in corporate environments with standardized documents. Perfect for letterheads, forms, and recurring document types. Being replaced by DOTX. Convert to DOTX for modern Word compatibility and smaller file sizes.

DOTX

Word Template - modern XML-based template format for Microsoft Word 2007+. Contains styles, themes, formatting, and boilerplate content. Smaller file sizes than DOT. Used for standardized documents, letterheads, forms, and corporate templates. Opens as new document preserving template. Perfect for consistent branding and document standardization. Industry standard for Word templates. Compatible with modern Office versions and alternatives.

DOTM

Word Macro-Enabled Template - DOTX template with embedded VBA macros. Combines template functionality with automation. Used for automated document generation and complex form processing. Security considerations for macro-enabled templates. Perfect for business workflows requiring automated document creation. Common in enterprise environments. Requires macro-enabled Word. Remove macros and convert to DOTX for safer distribution.

ABW

AbiWord Document - native format for AbiWord word processor (open-source alternative to Microsoft Word). XML-based lightweight format supporting basic word processing features including formatting, tables, images, and styles. Smaller file sizes than DOC/DOCX. Compatible with AbiWord on Windows, Linux, and Mac. Good RTF compatibility for cross-application usage. Perfect for lightweight word processing in open-source environments. Limited support outside AbiWord. Convert to DOCX or PDF for wider compatibility.

AW

Applix Word Document - legacy format from Applix Words word processor (1990s Unix/Linux). Proprietary format with limited modern support. Historical format from early Unix office suites. Rarely encountered except in legacy system migrations. Convert to modern formats (ODT, DOCX, PDF) for accessibility. Important for recovering documents from old Applix installations. Better alternatives available for all use cases.

DBK

DocBook XML - semantic markup format for technical documentation. XML-based structure focusing on content over presentation. Widely used in software documentation, technical manuals, and publishing. Separates content from formatting enabling multiple output formats (PDF, HTML, EPUB). Perfect for complex technical documentation requiring version control and multiple output formats. Standard in open-source documentation. Requires XSLT processing for readable output.

KWD

KWord Document - native format for KWord word processor (part of KOffice/Calligra Suite). XML-based format for KDE office applications. Supports frames-based layout for flexible document design. Less common than mainstream formats. Linux-centric format with limited Windows/Mac support. Convert to ODT or DOCX for wider compatibility. Historical format from KDE office suite evolution. Better alternatives available for modern use.

SXW

OpenOffice.org 1.0 Writer - legacy OpenDocument format predecessor. XML-based format from OpenOffice.org 1.x era (2002-2005). Replaced by ODT in OpenOffice 2.0. Supported by older OpenOffice and LibreOffice versions. Convert to ODT for modern compatibility. Historical format important for accessing old OpenOffice documents. Modern LibreOffice can open but saving in ODT recommended.

TXT

Plain Text - simplest document format containing only unformatted ASCII or Unicode characters. No fonts, colors, images, or layout information. Universal compatibility across all platforms, text editors, and systems. Smallest possible file sizes. Perfect for notes, code, scripts, logs, and any situation requiring absolute simplicity and portability. Essential format for programming, configuration files, data exchange, and scenarios where formatting is unnecessary. Works on any device from mainframes to smartphones.

{group_spreadsheet}

XLS

Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Workbook - legacy binary spreadsheet format supporting up to 65,536 rows and 256 columns per sheet. Contains formulas, formatting, charts, and multiple worksheets. Compatible with older Excel versions (Excel 97-2007). File size limited to ~30MB. Common in legacy business systems, old financial databases, and environments requiring Excel 97-2003 compatibility. Being replaced by XLSX but still encountered in corporate archives and legacy data systems.

XLSX

Microsoft Excel 2007+ Workbook - modern XML-based spreadsheet format with 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns per sheet. Provides better compression (75% smaller than XLS), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Supports all Excel capabilities including formulas, pivot tables, charts, conditional formatting, and macros (in XLSM variant). Industry standard for spreadsheets. Compatible with Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, and all modern office suites. Essential for data analysis, financial modeling, and business intelligence.

ODS

OpenDocument Spreadsheet - open standard format for spreadsheet applications developed by OASIS. Native format for LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. XML-based structure ensuring data accessibility and vendor independence. Supports formulas, charts, multiple sheets, and standard spreadsheet features. Excellent for open-source workflows, government use (mandated by many countries), and avoiding Microsoft Office licensing. Free from proprietary restrictions with long-term document accessibility guarantees.

CSV

Comma-Separated Values - simple text format for tabular data where each line represents a row and commas separate columns. Universal data exchange format readable by all spreadsheet applications, databases, and programming languages. No formatting, formulas, or multiple sheets - pure data only. Smallest file sizes for tabular data. Perfect for data import/export, database operations, data analysis with Python/R, and sharing datasets. Essential format for data science, web applications, and system integration. Works with Excel, databases, and any data processing tool.

{group_presentation}

PPT

Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 Presentation - legacy binary format for slide presentations. Supports slides, animations, transitions, embedded media, and speaker notes. Compatible with older PowerPoint versions (PowerPoint 97-2007). File sizes larger than modern PPTX. Common in legacy presentation archives, older corporate training materials, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still playable but superseded by PPTX for new presentations. Found in archived presentations from pre-2007 era.

PPTX

Microsoft PowerPoint 2007+ Presentation - modern XML-based format providing better compression (up to 75% smaller than PPT), improved recovery, and enhanced multimedia support. Supports all PowerPoint features including advanced animations, transitions, embedded videos, SmartArt, themes, and master slides. Industry standard for presentations. Native format for PowerPoint 2007+, compatible with Google Slides, LibreOffice Impress, and Keynote. Essential for business presentations, educational slideshows, and professional communication.

ODP

OpenDocument Presentation - open standard format for presentation software developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Impress and Apache OpenOffice Impress. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility. Supports slides, animations, transitions, multimedia, and standard presentation features. Excellent for open-source environments, government presentations, and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions. Compatible with PowerPoint through conversion but best used within open-source office suites.

Other Formats

PDF

Portable Document Format - universal document format developed by Adobe maintaining exact visual appearance across all platforms and devices. Preserves fonts, images, layouts, and formatting precisely. Industry standard for document distribution, official documents, forms, archival, and printing. Not designed for editing (though modern tools allow limited editing). Supports encryption, digital signatures, forms, annotations, and accessibility features. Essential for contracts, invoices, reports, e-books, and any document requiring consistent appearance. Most widely supported document format globally.

DJVU

DjVu Document - specialized format for scanned documents, books, and manuscripts. Superior compression for bitonal and color scanned images. Smaller than PDF for scanned content (3-10x). Supports OCR text layer, annotations, and bookmarks. Perfect for digital libraries, scientific papers, historical documents, and scanned books. Specialized viewers required (DjVuLibre, browser plugins). Excellent for archiving paper documents digitally. Convert to PDF for broader accessibility.

XPS

XML Paper Specification - Microsoft's document format similar to PDF. Fixed-layout format preserving exact document appearance. Native support in Windows Vista+. Supports vector graphics, fonts embedding, and digital signatures. Alternative to PDF in Windows environments. Limited support outside Windows ecosystem. Perfect for Windows-only document distribution. Convert to PDF for universal compatibility across all platforms.

OXPS

Open XML Paper Specification - standardized version of XPS as ECMA standard. Same features as XPS with formal specification. Better cross-platform support than original XPS. Fixed-layout document format with vector graphics support. Used in some Windows applications and printers. Limited adoption compared to PDF. Convert to PDF for maximum compatibility. Mainly relevant in Windows printing workflows.

MD

Markdown - lightweight markup language using plain text formatting syntax for creating formatted documents. Simple symbols (* for italics, ** for bold, # for headings) convert to HTML. Human-readable in plain text. Perfect for README files, documentation, blogs, note-taking, and technical writing. Popular among developers, technical writers, and content creators. Supports headers, lists, links, images, code blocks, and basic formatting. Extremely portable and future-proof. Foundation of many static site generators and documentation systems.

HTML

HyperText Markup Language - standard markup language for web pages containing text, images, links, and multimedia. Readable in any web browser without special software. Supports styling (CSS), interactivity (JavaScript), and rich media embedding. Universal web standard since 1991. Perfect for web publishing, online documentation, email newsletters, and accessible content. Extremely portable with guaranteed long-term support. Can be converted from documents for web distribution or archived for offline viewing.

EPUB

Electronic Publication - open standard e-book format based on HTML, CSS, and XML. Reflowable text adapts to any screen size. Supports fonts, images, metadata, table of contents, and CSS styling. Industry standard for e-books compatible with most e-readers (Kindle via conversion, Kobo, Nook, Apple Books, Google Play Books). Perfect for digital publishing, self-publishing, and distributing long-form content. EPUB 3 adds multimedia and interactivity. Essential format for authors, publishers, and digital libraries.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a DOCX file and why did Microsoft replace the older DOC format with it?

A DOCX file is Microsoft Word’s modern document format introduced with Office 2007. It is a ZIP archive containing XML files, media assets, styles, and metadata that describe the document’s structure in a human-readable and machine-readable way.

DOCX was created to solve the limitations of the older DOC binary format—improving openness, stability, interoperability, security, and support for modern features such as advanced formatting, themes, styles, and web-based document rendering.

Because DOCX is standardized under ECMA-376 and ISO/IEC 29500, it is widely supported across software platforms, making it the universal editing format for modern word-processing workflows.

Why is DOCX more stable and less prone to corruption than DOC?

DOCX stores content in small, separate XML files instead of a single monolithic binary stream. Damage to one XML component rarely destroys the entire document.

Because it uses ZIP compression with discrete parts, applications can repair or rebuild missing elements more easily than in legacy DOC files.

XML-based structures also allow better validation and recovery because the document’s internal relationships are transparent and well-defined.

Why do DOCX files open correctly in so many different applications?

DOCX is openly documented and standardized, allowing developers to build fully compatible editors on all platforms—including Google Docs, Apple Pages, LibreOffice, and mobile apps.

Its XML structure follows widely used standards, ensuring that even partial implementations can read core content like text and formatting.

Because DOCX is based on familiar web technologies, many modern word processors can parse and render it natively without proprietary code.

Why are DOCX files usually much smaller than DOC files?

DOCX automatically compresses all internal XML and media resources using ZIP, significantly reducing file size.

Images, fonts, and styles are stored more efficiently, avoiding the bloated overhead typically found in older DOC binaries.

DOCX eliminates redundant formatting data that DOC accumulated over years of edits, keeping documents lightweight.

Why can DOCX files include rich media, charts, and advanced formatting features?

The structured XML architecture supports embedding advanced elements like SmartArt, themes, vector graphics, and multimedia.

DOCX separates content, formatting, layout, and resources, making modern features modular and extensible.

The format accommodates future upgrades without breaking backward compatibility, allowing Word to evolve without redefining the entire file structure.

Why do DOCX files sometimes look different on other devices or editors?

Font substitution occurs if the document uses fonts not installed on the viewing device, leading to layout shifts.

Some advanced Word features—especially SmartArt, macros, or custom styles—may not be fully supported in simpler editors.

Variations in rendering engines cause minor differences in spacing, line-breaking, or table layout.

Why does Word open some DOCX files in 'Protected View'?

Protected View is a security mode designed to prevent harmful documents from executing macros or scripts if they originate from the internet, email attachments, or untrusted sources.

Documents downloaded from risky locations receive special file flags that trigger sandboxed viewing.

This ensures users can inspect content safely before enabling full editing.

Why do some DOCX files contain ZIP-style content when extracted?

DOCX is technically a ZIP container. If renamed to .zip or extracted, it reveals structured folders such as `/word/`, `/docProps/`, and `_rels/`.

Inside these folders are XML files representing pages, paragraphs, relationships, fonts, images, and settings.

This structure makes DOCX transparent, modular, and easily analyzable by developers, unlike opaque binary DOC files.

Why do DOCX documents sometimes break when moved between PCs with different fonts?

DOCX files do not embed fonts by default; they rely on system-installed fonts.

Missing fonts cause Word to substitute alternatives, altering line breaks, spacing, table column sizes, and page layout.

Embedding fonts manually or using widely available fonts can eliminate these discrepancies.

Why does copying text from DOCX sometimes preserve styles unexpectedly?

DOCX stores detailed style definitions, so copying content includes formatting metadata like font settings, spacing, colors, and paragraph styles.

Pasting into other applications may retain or partially interpret this embedded style information.

Users can choose 'Paste as plain text' to avoid unwanted formatting inheritance.

Why do DOCX files sometimes open slowly?

Large embedded images, video clips, or excessive tracked changes can significantly increase processing time.

Improperly optimized documents may accumulate unnecessary XML data and older revisions.

Converting, compressing images, or accepting tracked changes typically improves performance.

Why do DOCX files support stronger security than DOC?

DOCX uses modern AES encryption, which is far more secure than the weak proprietary encryption found in DOC.

Signed DOCX packages allow tamper detection through cryptographically verified signatures.

Granular permission controls prevent editing, copying, or extraction by unauthorized users.

Why does DOCX handle cross-platform collaboration better than DOC?

DOCX is XML-based, making it more compatible with cloud editors, real-time collaboration tools, and web-based rendering engines.

Cloud platforms like Google Docs and Office Online are optimized for DOCX’s modular, standards-based structure.

DOCX also supports versioning, comments, track changes, and interoperability features that DOC cannot handle reliably.

Why do DOCX files sometimes break when manually edited or manipulated?

DOCX relies on strict internal relationships between multiple XML components; altering or removing one file can break the entire structure.

Inconsistent ZIP manipulation or missing relationship entries cause Word to fail when loading specific objects.

Repair tools can often fix structure issues, but direct editing should be done with caution and preferably through proper XML-aware tools.

Should users always choose DOCX over older formats like DOC or RTF?

Yes—DOCX offers better compatibility, smaller sizes, improved security, and broader software support compared to older formats.

DOCX is the preferred choice for editing, sharing, cloud collaboration, and long-term storage.

Use DOC or RTF only when required for legacy environments or extremely old software systems.