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Supported Formats

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Word Processing

DOC

Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document - legacy binary format used by older Word versions. Supports rich text formatting, images, tables, and complex layouts. Maximum compatibility with legacy systems and older Microsoft Office versions (Office 97-2007). File sizes typically larger than modern DOCX. Common in corporate archives, legacy document management systems, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still widely supported but superseded by DOCX for new documents.

DOCX

Microsoft Word 2007+ Document - modern XML-based format providing better compression (40-75% smaller than DOC), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Open XML standard with better data extraction capabilities. Supports all Word features including styles, themes, SmartArt, advanced formatting, and embedded objects. Industry standard for word processing. Native format for Microsoft Word 2007+, compatible with Google Docs, LibreOffice, and all modern office suites. Essential for professional documents, collaborative editing, and modern workflows.

ODT

OpenDocument Text - open standard format for word processors developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Writer and Apache OpenOffice Writer. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility and vendor independence. Supports advanced formatting, styles, images, tables, and all standard word processing features. Excellent for open-source environments, government documents (mandated in many countries), and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions and patent concerns.

RTF

Rich Text Format - universal document format developed by Microsoft (1987) for cross-platform text exchange. Readable by virtually all word processors (Word, WordPad, LibreOffice, Google Docs, Pages). Supports basic formatting (fonts, colors, styles, tables) without complex features. Larger file sizes than modern formats but maximum compatibility. Perfect for sharing formatted documents across different systems, email attachments ensuring readability, and legacy system compatibility. Reliable intermediate format for document conversion.

DOCM

Word Macro-Enabled Document - DOCX format with embedded VBA macros. Supports automation, custom functions, and advanced document processing. Security risk if macros from untrusted sources. Used in business environments for automated document workflows. Same features as DOCX plus programmability. Perfect for automated reports, form processing, and document generation. Requires macro security settings in Word. Convert to DOCX to remove macros for safer sharing.

DOT

Word 97-2003 Template - legacy template format for Microsoft Word. Contains styles, formatting, and placeholder content for document creation. Binary format compatible with old Word versions. Larger file sizes than DOTX. Common in corporate environments with standardized documents. Perfect for letterheads, forms, and recurring document types. Being replaced by DOTX. Convert to DOTX for modern Word compatibility and smaller file sizes.

DOTX

Word Template - modern XML-based template format for Microsoft Word 2007+. Contains styles, themes, formatting, and boilerplate content. Smaller file sizes than DOT. Used for standardized documents, letterheads, forms, and corporate templates. Opens as new document preserving template. Perfect for consistent branding and document standardization. Industry standard for Word templates. Compatible with modern Office versions and alternatives.

DOTM

Word Macro-Enabled Template - DOTX template with embedded VBA macros. Combines template functionality with automation. Used for automated document generation and complex form processing. Security considerations for macro-enabled templates. Perfect for business workflows requiring automated document creation. Common in enterprise environments. Requires macro-enabled Word. Remove macros and convert to DOTX for safer distribution.

ABW

AbiWord Document - native format for AbiWord word processor (open-source alternative to Microsoft Word). XML-based lightweight format supporting basic word processing features including formatting, tables, images, and styles. Smaller file sizes than DOC/DOCX. Compatible with AbiWord on Windows, Linux, and Mac. Good RTF compatibility for cross-application usage. Perfect for lightweight word processing in open-source environments. Limited support outside AbiWord. Convert to DOCX or PDF for wider compatibility.

AW

Applix Word Document - legacy format from Applix Words word processor (1990s Unix/Linux). Proprietary format with limited modern support. Historical format from early Unix office suites. Rarely encountered except in legacy system migrations. Convert to modern formats (ODT, DOCX, PDF) for accessibility. Important for recovering documents from old Applix installations. Better alternatives available for all use cases.

DBK

DocBook XML - semantic markup format for technical documentation. XML-based structure focusing on content over presentation. Widely used in software documentation, technical manuals, and publishing. Separates content from formatting enabling multiple output formats (PDF, HTML, EPUB). Perfect for complex technical documentation requiring version control and multiple output formats. Standard in open-source documentation. Requires XSLT processing for readable output.

KWD

KWord Document - native format for KWord word processor (part of KOffice/Calligra Suite). XML-based format for KDE office applications. Supports frames-based layout for flexible document design. Less common than mainstream formats. Linux-centric format with limited Windows/Mac support. Convert to ODT or DOCX for wider compatibility. Historical format from KDE office suite evolution. Better alternatives available for modern use.

SXW

OpenOffice.org 1.0 Writer - legacy OpenDocument format predecessor. XML-based format from OpenOffice.org 1.x era (2002-2005). Replaced by ODT in OpenOffice 2.0. Supported by older OpenOffice and LibreOffice versions. Convert to ODT for modern compatibility. Historical format important for accessing old OpenOffice documents. Modern LibreOffice can open but saving in ODT recommended.

TXT

Plain Text - simplest document format containing only unformatted ASCII or Unicode characters. No fonts, colors, images, or layout information. Universal compatibility across all platforms, text editors, and systems. Smallest possible file sizes. Perfect for notes, code, scripts, logs, and any situation requiring absolute simplicity and portability. Essential format for programming, configuration files, data exchange, and scenarios where formatting is unnecessary. Works on any device from mainframes to smartphones.

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XLS

Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Workbook - legacy binary spreadsheet format supporting up to 65,536 rows and 256 columns per sheet. Contains formulas, formatting, charts, and multiple worksheets. Compatible with older Excel versions (Excel 97-2007). File size limited to ~30MB. Common in legacy business systems, old financial databases, and environments requiring Excel 97-2003 compatibility. Being replaced by XLSX but still encountered in corporate archives and legacy data systems.

XLSX

Microsoft Excel 2007+ Workbook - modern XML-based spreadsheet format with 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns per sheet. Provides better compression (75% smaller than XLS), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Supports all Excel capabilities including formulas, pivot tables, charts, conditional formatting, and macros (in XLSM variant). Industry standard for spreadsheets. Compatible with Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, and all modern office suites. Essential for data analysis, financial modeling, and business intelligence.

ODS

OpenDocument Spreadsheet - open standard format for spreadsheet applications developed by OASIS. Native format for LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. XML-based structure ensuring data accessibility and vendor independence. Supports formulas, charts, multiple sheets, and standard spreadsheet features. Excellent for open-source workflows, government use (mandated by many countries), and avoiding Microsoft Office licensing. Free from proprietary restrictions with long-term document accessibility guarantees.

CSV

Comma-Separated Values - simple text format for tabular data where each line represents a row and commas separate columns. Universal data exchange format readable by all spreadsheet applications, databases, and programming languages. No formatting, formulas, or multiple sheets - pure data only. Smallest file sizes for tabular data. Perfect for data import/export, database operations, data analysis with Python/R, and sharing datasets. Essential format for data science, web applications, and system integration. Works with Excel, databases, and any data processing tool.

{group_presentation}

PPT

Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 Presentation - legacy binary format for slide presentations. Supports slides, animations, transitions, embedded media, and speaker notes. Compatible with older PowerPoint versions (PowerPoint 97-2007). File sizes larger than modern PPTX. Common in legacy presentation archives, older corporate training materials, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still playable but superseded by PPTX for new presentations. Found in archived presentations from pre-2007 era.

PPTX

Microsoft PowerPoint 2007+ Presentation - modern XML-based format providing better compression (up to 75% smaller than PPT), improved recovery, and enhanced multimedia support. Supports all PowerPoint features including advanced animations, transitions, embedded videos, SmartArt, themes, and master slides. Industry standard for presentations. Native format for PowerPoint 2007+, compatible with Google Slides, LibreOffice Impress, and Keynote. Essential for business presentations, educational slideshows, and professional communication.

ODP

OpenDocument Presentation - open standard format for presentation software developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Impress and Apache OpenOffice Impress. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility. Supports slides, animations, transitions, multimedia, and standard presentation features. Excellent for open-source environments, government presentations, and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions. Compatible with PowerPoint through conversion but best used within open-source office suites.

Other Formats

PDF

Portable Document Format - universal document format developed by Adobe maintaining exact visual appearance across all platforms and devices. Preserves fonts, images, layouts, and formatting precisely. Industry standard for document distribution, official documents, forms, archival, and printing. Not designed for editing (though modern tools allow limited editing). Supports encryption, digital signatures, forms, annotations, and accessibility features. Essential for contracts, invoices, reports, e-books, and any document requiring consistent appearance. Most widely supported document format globally.

DJVU

DjVu Document - specialized format for scanned documents, books, and manuscripts. Superior compression for bitonal and color scanned images. Smaller than PDF for scanned content (3-10x). Supports OCR text layer, annotations, and bookmarks. Perfect for digital libraries, scientific papers, historical documents, and scanned books. Specialized viewers required (DjVuLibre, browser plugins). Excellent for archiving paper documents digitally. Convert to PDF for broader accessibility.

XPS

XML Paper Specification - Microsoft's document format similar to PDF. Fixed-layout format preserving exact document appearance. Native support in Windows Vista+. Supports vector graphics, fonts embedding, and digital signatures. Alternative to PDF in Windows environments. Limited support outside Windows ecosystem. Perfect for Windows-only document distribution. Convert to PDF for universal compatibility across all platforms.

OXPS

Open XML Paper Specification - standardized version of XPS as ECMA standard. Same features as XPS with formal specification. Better cross-platform support than original XPS. Fixed-layout document format with vector graphics support. Used in some Windows applications and printers. Limited adoption compared to PDF. Convert to PDF for maximum compatibility. Mainly relevant in Windows printing workflows.

MD

Markdown - lightweight markup language using plain text formatting syntax for creating formatted documents. Simple symbols (* for italics, ** for bold, # for headings) convert to HTML. Human-readable in plain text. Perfect for README files, documentation, blogs, note-taking, and technical writing. Popular among developers, technical writers, and content creators. Supports headers, lists, links, images, code blocks, and basic formatting. Extremely portable and future-proof. Foundation of many static site generators and documentation systems.

HTML

HyperText Markup Language - standard markup language for web pages containing text, images, links, and multimedia. Readable in any web browser without special software. Supports styling (CSS), interactivity (JavaScript), and rich media embedding. Universal web standard since 1991. Perfect for web publishing, online documentation, email newsletters, and accessible content. Extremely portable with guaranteed long-term support. Can be converted from documents for web distribution or archived for offline viewing.

EPUB

Electronic Publication - open standard e-book format based on HTML, CSS, and XML. Reflowable text adapts to any screen size. Supports fonts, images, metadata, table of contents, and CSS styling. Industry standard for e-books compatible with most e-readers (Kindle via conversion, Kobo, Nook, Apple Books, Google Play Books). Perfect for digital publishing, self-publishing, and distributing long-form content. EPUB 3 adds multimedia and interactivity. Essential format for authors, publishers, and digital libraries.

How to Convert Files

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is an ABW file and why is it the native document format for AbiWord?

An ABW file is the default document format used by AbiWord, a lightweight, open-source word processor designed for speed, portability, and cross-platform compatibility. ABW stores document data using structured XML inside a single text-based container.

Because the format is fully open and human-readable, it aligns with AbiWord’s philosophy of transparency and accessibility, allowing developers to inspect, modify, and extend documents at the XML level.

ABW is optimized for performance, producing small, clean files while supporting essential word-processing features without the heavy overhead seen in formats like DOCX.

Why is the ABW format lightweight compared to DOCX or ODT?

ABW avoids complex packaging systems and relies on straightforward XML rather than ZIP containers filled with multiple subfiles.

The format focuses on core word-processing features such as text, styles, tables, and basic formatting instead of embedding extensive metadata or compatibility structures.

This lean architecture makes ABW ideal for low-power devices, older hardware, and environments where simplicity and speed matter.

Why does AbiWord sometimes open ABW files faster than other editors open DOCX or ODT?

AbiWord was engineered for minimal resource usage, and ABW is optimized for rapid parsing because of its direct XML structure.

There are no compressed archives or fragmented components to decompress or reassemble, unlike DOCX and ODT containers.

Even large ABW documents load quickly due to the format’s simplicity and the absence of complex objects that slow compatibility layers.

Why do ABW files sometimes lose elements when converted to DOCX or RTF?

AbiWord supports a simpler object and style model than Microsoft Word, so some advanced formatting in DOCX or RTF has no direct ABW equivalent.

When exporting, AbiWord must translate features between different document standards, which can cause reductions in layout precision or unsupported elements.

Core text and formatting convert well, but highly specialized features may be simplified to maintain compatibility.

Why is the ABW format considered developer-friendly?

Its XML structure is easy to parse, manipulate, or generate programmatically with minimal tooling.

Developers can create scripts or tools that modify ABW files directly without needing complex document libraries.

This makes ABW useful for automated pipelines, academic tools, and lightweight content-generation systems.

Why does ABW not support many advanced features found in DOCX?

AbiWord intentionally avoids feature bloat to remain fast and lightweight, focusing on essential document editing rather than advanced multimedia or automation.

ABW’s XML schema was designed to support common formatting but does not include definitions for SmartArt, embedded video, macros, or other heavy objects.

This makes ABW ideal for everyday text editing but not for complex corporate or interactive documents.

Why do ABW files sometimes appear differently when opened in other editors?

Most third-party editors do not natively support ABW, so they rely on converters that may not fully interpret AbiWord’s XML schema.

Differences in font availability, layout engines, and table rendering can lead to visual changes.

To ensure accuracy, ABW files are best viewed and edited within AbiWord or viewers that fully support the ODF/AbiWord specification.

Why does ABW perform well on low-spec systems or portable installations?

The format requires minimal processing overhead due to its direct and compact XML structure.

AbiWord itself is designed for efficiency, making ABW documents quick to open even on old hardware or embedded systems.

This combination makes ABW ideal for lightweight Linux distributions, USB-based office environments, and educational systems.

Why are ABW files smaller than many other document formats?

ABW contains only essential document data without extra compatibility layers or unnecessary metadata.

The XML markup is highly optimized and avoids replication of redundant styling information.

Its straightforward structure results in compact, efficient file sizes perfect for fast storage and transfer.

Why does ABW not embed fonts or advanced media like DOCX?

Embedding fonts and heavy media objects would significantly increase file size and complexity, conflicting with ABW’s lightweight design.

AbiWord prioritizes portability and readability rather than heavy document packaging.

Media-rich documents are better suited for formats like DOCX, ODT, or PDF, which are designed for modern multimedia workflows.

Why is ABW useful for collaborative or multi-platform environments?

Because it is open, transparent, and based on XML, many systems can parse ABW without relying on proprietary software.

Its simplicity reduces compatibility issues across Linux, Windows, and macOS systems.

The format also integrates well with version-control systems because XML is diff-friendly.

Why do some institutions or developers prefer ABW over DOCX?

ABW avoids proprietary extensions and vendor lock-in, making it ideal for open-source ecosystems.

It is predictable and stable, which helps developers build reliable tools around it.

Its small footprint is useful in environments with limited storage or memory constraints.

Why can ABW sometimes be converted more cleanly to ODT than to DOCX?

ODT and ABW both use open XML-based structures, so their formatting rules align more closely than with Microsoft’s DOCX schema.

LibreOffice and AbiWord share a similar philosophy of open standards and minimize compatibility quirks.

This results in smoother transitions when converting between open-format ecosystems.

Why does ABW not support macros or scripting inside documents?

The ABW format prioritizes document purity and safety by excluding executable content of any kind.

This design choice prevents macro-based malware and maintains the format’s simplicity.

Users needing automation or scripting typically use DOCM, ODT templates, or external scripts instead.

Should users choose ABW as their main document format?

Choose ABW if you primarily work in AbiWord, need a lightweight open format, or use systems with limited resources.

Avoid ABW if you collaborate extensively with Microsoft Office users or require advanced formatting features.

For open-source workflows ABW is excellent, but for broad compatibility DOCX or ODT remains the better general-purpose choice.