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Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document - legacy binary format used by older Word versions. Supports rich text formatting, images, tables, and complex layouts. Maximum compatibility with legacy systems and older Microsoft Office versions (Office 97-2007). File sizes typically larger than modern DOCX. Common in corporate archives, legacy document management systems, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still widely supported but superseded by DOCX for new documents.
Microsoft Word 2007+ Document - modern XML-based format providing better compression (40-75% smaller than DOC), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Open XML standard with better data extraction capabilities. Supports all Word features including styles, themes, SmartArt, advanced formatting, and embedded objects. Industry standard for word processing. Native format for Microsoft Word 2007+, compatible with Google Docs, LibreOffice, and all modern office suites. Essential for professional documents, collaborative editing, and modern workflows.
OpenDocument Text - open standard format for word processors developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Writer and Apache OpenOffice Writer. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility and vendor independence. Supports advanced formatting, styles, images, tables, and all standard word processing features. Excellent for open-source environments, government documents (mandated in many countries), and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions and patent concerns.
Rich Text Format - universal document format developed by Microsoft (1987) for cross-platform text exchange. Readable by virtually all word processors (Word, WordPad, LibreOffice, Google Docs, Pages). Supports basic formatting (fonts, colors, styles, tables) without complex features. Larger file sizes than modern formats but maximum compatibility. Perfect for sharing formatted documents across different systems, email attachments ensuring readability, and legacy system compatibility. Reliable intermediate format for document conversion.
Word 宏启用文档 - 带有嵌入 VBA 宏的 DOCX 格式。支持自动化、自定义函数和高级文档处理。如果宏来自不可信的来源,则存在安全风险。在商业环境中用于自动化文档工作流。具有与 DOCX 相同的功能,加上可编程性。非常适合自动化报告、表单处理和文档生成。需要 Word 中的宏安全设置。转换为 DOCX 以删除宏以便更安全地共享。
Word 97-2003 Template - legacy template format for Microsoft Word. Contains styles, formatting, and placeholder content for document creation. Binary format compatible with old Word versions. Larger file sizes than DOTX. Common in corporate environments with standardized documents. Perfect for letterheads, forms, and recurring document types. Being replaced by DOTX. Convert to DOTX for modern Word compatibility and smaller file sizes.
Word Template - modern XML-based template format for Microsoft Word 2007+. Contains styles, themes, formatting, and boilerplate content. Smaller file sizes than DOT. Used for standardized documents, letterheads, forms, and corporate templates. Opens as new document preserving template. Perfect for consistent branding and document standardization. Industry standard for Word templates. Compatible with modern Office versions and alternatives.
Word 宏启用模板 - 带有嵌入 VBA 宏的 DOTX 模板。将模板功能与自动化相结合。用于自动化文档生成和复杂表单处理。宏启用模板的安全考虑。非常适合需要自动化文档创建的商业工作流。在企业环境中很常见。需要宏启用的 Word。删除宏并转换为 DOTX 以便更安全的分发。
AbiWord Document - native format for AbiWord word processor (open-source alternative to Microsoft Word). XML-based lightweight format supporting basic word processing features including formatting, tables, images, and styles. Smaller file sizes than DOC/DOCX. Compatible with AbiWord on Windows, Linux, and Mac. Good RTF compatibility for cross-application usage. Perfect for lightweight word processing in open-source environments. Limited support outside AbiWord. Convert to DOCX or PDF for wider compatibility.
Applix Word Document - legacy format from Applix Words word processor (1990s Unix/Linux). Proprietary format with limited modern support. Historical format from early Unix office suites. Rarely encountered except in legacy system migrations. Convert to modern formats (ODT, DOCX, PDF) for accessibility. Important for recovering documents from old Applix installations. Better alternatives available for all use cases.
DocBook XML - 用于技术文档的语义标记格式。基于 XML 的结构,侧重于内容而非表现。广泛用于软件文档、技术手册和出版。将内容与格式分离,支持多种输出格式(PDF、HTML、EPUB)。非常适合需要版本控制和多种输出格式的复杂技术文档。开源文档的标准。需要 XSLT 处理以获得可读输出。
KWord Document - native format for KWord word processor (part of KOffice/Calligra Suite). XML-based format for KDE office applications. Supports frames-based layout for flexible document design. Less common than mainstream formats. Linux-centric format with limited Windows/Mac support. Convert to ODT or DOCX for wider compatibility. Historical format from KDE office suite evolution. Better alternatives available for modern use.
OpenOffice.org 1.0 Writer - legacy OpenDocument format predecessor. XML-based format from OpenOffice.org 1.x era (2002-2005). Replaced by ODT in OpenOffice 2.0. Supported by older OpenOffice and LibreOffice versions. Convert to ODT for modern compatibility. Historical format important for accessing old OpenOffice documents. Modern LibreOffice can open but saving in ODT recommended.
纯文本 - 最简单的文档格式,仅包含未格式化的 ASCII 或 Unicode 字符。没有字体、颜色、图像或布局信息。与所有平台、文本编辑器和系统具有通用兼容性。文件大小尽可能小。非常适合笔记、代码、脚本、日志以及任何需要绝对简单性和可移植性的场合。编程、配置文件、数据交换和不需要格式的场景的基本格式。可以在从大型机到智能手机的任何设备上使用。
{group_spreadsheet}
Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Workbook - legacy binary spreadsheet format supporting up to 65,536 rows and 256 columns per sheet. Contains formulas, formatting, charts, and multiple worksheets. Compatible with older Excel versions (Excel 97-2007). File size limited to ~30MB. Common in legacy business systems, old financial databases, and environments requiring Excel 97-2003 compatibility. Being replaced by XLSX but still encountered in corporate archives and legacy data systems.
Microsoft Excel 2007+ Workbook - modern XML-based spreadsheet format with 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns per sheet. Provides better compression (75% smaller than XLS), improved recovery from corruption, and enhanced features. Supports all Excel capabilities including formulas, pivot tables, charts, conditional formatting, and macros (in XLSM variant). Industry standard for spreadsheets. Compatible with Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, and all modern office suites. Essential for data analysis, financial modeling, and business intelligence.
OpenDocument Spreadsheet - open standard format for spreadsheet applications developed by OASIS. Native format for LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. XML-based structure ensuring data accessibility and vendor independence. Supports formulas, charts, multiple sheets, and standard spreadsheet features. Excellent for open-source workflows, government use (mandated by many countries), and avoiding Microsoft Office licensing. Free from proprietary restrictions with long-term document accessibility guarantees.
逗号分隔值 - 用于表格数据的简单文本格式,每行代表一行,逗号分隔列。所有电子表格应用程序、数据库和编程语言可读的通用数据交换格式。没有格式、公式或多个工作表 - 仅纯数据。表格数据的文件大小最小。非常适合数据导入/导出、数据库操作、使用 Python/R 的数据分析和共享数据集。数据科学、网络应用和系统集成的基本格式。与 Excel、数据库和任何数据处理工具兼容。
{group_presentation}
Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 Presentation - legacy binary format for slide presentations. Supports slides, animations, transitions, embedded media, and speaker notes. Compatible with older PowerPoint versions (PowerPoint 97-2007). File sizes larger than modern PPTX. Common in legacy presentation archives, older corporate training materials, and environments requiring backwards compatibility. Still playable but superseded by PPTX for new presentations. Found in archived presentations from pre-2007 era.
Microsoft PowerPoint 2007+ Presentation - modern XML-based format providing better compression (up to 75% smaller than PPT), improved recovery, and enhanced multimedia support. Supports all PowerPoint features including advanced animations, transitions, embedded videos, SmartArt, themes, and master slides. Industry standard for presentations. Native format for PowerPoint 2007+, compatible with Google Slides, LibreOffice Impress, and Keynote. Essential for business presentations, educational slideshows, and professional communication.
OpenDocument Presentation - open standard format for presentation software developed by OASIS consortium. Native format for LibreOffice Impress and Apache OpenOffice Impress. XML-based structure ensuring long-term accessibility. Supports slides, animations, transitions, multimedia, and standard presentation features. Excellent for open-source environments, government presentations, and avoiding vendor lock-in. Free from licensing restrictions. Compatible with PowerPoint through conversion but best used within open-source office suites.
其他格式
Portable Document Format - universal document format developed by Adobe maintaining exact visual appearance across all platforms and devices. Preserves fonts, images, layouts, and formatting precisely. Industry standard for document distribution, official documents, forms, archival, and printing. Not designed for editing (though modern tools allow limited editing). Supports encryption, digital signatures, forms, annotations, and accessibility features. Essential for contracts, invoices, reports, e-books, and any document requiring consistent appearance. Most widely supported document format globally.
DjVu 文档 - 专门用于扫描文档、书籍和手稿的格式。对二值和彩色扫描图像具有优越的压缩效果。对于扫描内容比 PDF 小(3-10 倍)。支持 OCR 文本层、注释和书签。非常适合数字图书馆、科学论文、历史文档和扫描书籍。需要专用查看器(DjVuLibre、浏览器插件)。非常适合数字归档纸质文档。转换为 PDF 以获得更广泛的可访问性。
XML Paper Specification - Microsoft's document format similar to PDF. Fixed-layout format preserving exact document appearance. Native support in Windows Vista+. Supports vector graphics, fonts embedding, and digital signatures. Alternative to PDF in Windows environments. Limited support outside Windows ecosystem. Perfect for Windows-only document distribution. Convert to PDF for universal compatibility across all platforms.
Open XML Paper Specification - standardized version of XPS as ECMA standard. Same features as XPS with formal specification. Better cross-platform support than original XPS. Fixed-layout document format with vector graphics support. Used in some Windows applications and printers. Limited adoption compared to PDF. Convert to PDF for maximum compatibility. Mainly relevant in Windows printing workflows.
Markdown - 轻量级标记语言,使用纯文本格式语法创建格式化文档。简单符号(* 表示斜体,** 表示粗体,# 表示标题)转换为 HTML。以纯文本形式可读。非常适合 README 文件、文档、博客、笔记和技术写作。开发人员、技术写作人员和内容创作者中很受欢迎。支持标题、列表、链接、图像、代码块和基本格式。极具可移植性和未来适应性。许多静态网站生成器和文档系统的基础。
超文本标记语言 - 用于网页的标准标记语言,包含文本、图像、链接和多媒体。可以在任何网页浏览器中读取,无需特殊软件。支持样式(CSS)、交互性(JavaScript)和丰富媒体嵌入。自 1991 年以来的通用网络标准。非常适合网页发布、在线文档、电子邮件通讯和可访问内容。极具可移植性,保证长期支持。可以从文档转换为网页分发或归档以供离线查看。
Electronic Publication - open standard e-book format based on HTML, CSS, and XML. Reflowable text adapts to any screen size. Supports fonts, images, metadata, table of contents, and CSS styling. Industry standard for e-books compatible with most e-readers (Kindle via conversion, Kobo, Nook, Apple Books, Google Play Books). Perfect for digital publishing, self-publishing, and distributing long-form content. EPUB 3 adds multimedia and interactivity. Essential format for authors, publishers, and digital libraries.
如何转换文件
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常见问题
什么是 DOC 文件,为什么它在几十年内是主导文档格式?
A DOC file is Microsoft Word’s classic binary document format used from Word 97 through Word 2003. It stores text, formatting, images, tables, styles, macros, and layout information inside a proprietary compound binary file structure.
Before DOCX existed, DOC became the universal format for word-processing because it was bundled with Microsoft Office, which dominated business, education, and government environments worldwide.
它悠久的历史、深厚的功能支持和广泛的采用使 DOC 成为近 20 年数字文档的事实标准。
为什么 DOC 格式被认为是专有且复杂的?
DOC uses Microsoft’s older OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) compound binary structure, which stores document components as separate streams inside a single file.
早期的内部结构从未完全开放,使得第三方实现困难且有时不一致。
This complexity is why Microsoft eventually transitioned to the XML-based DOCX format, which is simpler, more open, and more interoperable.
为什么 DOC 文件有时比 DOCX 文件更容易损坏?
因为 DOC 使用单一的二进制结构,文件某一部分的损坏可能会破坏整个文档。
相比之下,DOCX 是一个包含 XML 和媒体文件的 ZIP 容器,使得损坏是孤立的,更易恢复。
大型图像、宏或嵌入对象增加了二进制 DOC 文件损坏的风险。
Why do DOC files open differently in non-Microsoft word processors?
Third-party editors (Google Docs, LibreOffice, WPS, Apple Pages) reverse-engineered the DOC specification for compatibility, meaning rendering may not be 100% accurate.
Complex elements like nested tables, SmartArt, macros, or WordArt often display inconsistently outside Microsoft Word.
由于 DOC 是专有的,跨平台的完美复制是困难的,尤其是对于旧文件。
为什么 DOC 文件有时会包含病毒或有害宏?
DOC 支持 Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) 宏,这些宏可以以系统级权限运行脚本。
这使得 DOC 在 2000 年代初期成为恶意软件感染的常见目标,特别是通过电子邮件附件。
现代 Office 版本默认禁用下载或不受信任的 DOC 文件中的宏,以防止攻击。
为什么在将 DOC 转换为 DOCX 时格式有时不一致?
DOC 使用二进制规则存储格式,这些规则无法完美映射到 DOCX 的基于 XML 的样式系统。
旧文档可能包含遗留格式、不受支持的字体或在转换过程中未完全翻译的弃用元素。
Word 尝试保留外观,但由于结构上的根本差异,某些布局细节可能会发生变化。
为什么 DOC 文件今天仍然出现在商业环境中?
许多遗留系统、模板、政府工作流程和法律文档都是围绕 DOC 标准构建的。
一些行业保持向后兼容,以避免重新验证数千个遗留文件。
迁移旧系统或更新模板可能成本高昂,因此 DOC 在旧基础设施中继续存在。
为什么 DOC 文件有时会导致打开或编辑性能缓慢?
大型嵌入对象、图像或 OLE 元素由于 DOC 的二进制内部结构而增加加载时间。
损坏或臃肿的格式可能是多年编辑的累积,导致文档变慢。
将文件转换为 DOCX 通常可以减少大小并提高响应速度。
为什么 DOC 文件比 DOCX 文件大?
DOC使用原始二进制流存储数据,而DOCX则使用ZIP和结构化XML压缩内容。
DOC通常嵌入媒体而没有优化或压缩。
DOCX自动压缩图像、样式和XML结构,显著减少文件大小。
为什么某些DOC文件在现代Word中无法打开或显示'转换'对话框?
较旧的DOC版本(Word 95,Word 6.0)使用的格式需要现代Word版本通过兼容模式进行转换。
使用第三方编辑器创建的文件可能包含非标准的二进制格式,Word会尝试修复这些格式。
损坏的OLE流或不支持的对象可能会触发恢复或转换提示。
为什么Word以兼容模式打开DOC文件?
兼容模式确保较旧的格式功能保持可用,而无需强制转换为DOCX。
它保留了旧版布局行为,以避免破坏旧文档。
用户可以手动转换为DOCX,以访问现代功能,如改进的样式、SmartArt或增强的表格。
为什么DOC文件在不同计算机上打开时有时会丢失字体?
DOC默认不嵌入字体,而是依赖查看者的系统提供字体。
如果所需字体缺失,Word会替换为相似字体,从而改变布局或间距。
在DOC中嵌入字体是可能的,但由于文件大小显著增加,使用得很少。
为什么DOC文件的安全性低于现代格式?
DOC缺乏强大的加密功能,使用较旧的密码保护算法,容易被破解。
DOC的宏系统历史上暴露了许多在恶意软件攻击中被利用的漏洞。
DOCX提供了更强的AES加密、篡改保护和现代安全控制。
为什么将PDF转换为DOC有时会失败或产生混乱的结果?
PDF是一种固定布局的图形格式,而DOC期望流动文本和可编辑结构。
转换器必须将视觉位置解释为可编辑段落,这一过程复杂且容易出错。
扫描的PDF进一步复杂化了转换,因为它们在文本重建之前需要OCR。
用户今天还应该创建DOC文件吗?
一般来说不应该——DOCX在兼容性、安全性、性能和文件大小上更优。
只有在遗留系统、政府提交或过时软件要求时,才应使用DOC。
对于现代工作流程,DOCX仍然是创建和共享Word文档的推荐格式。