免费转换 SND 文件
专业的 SND 文件转换工具
将您的文件拖放到这里
或点击浏览文件
支持的格式
以高质量在所有主要文件格式之间转换
常见格式
MPEG-1音频层III - 全球最通用的音频格式，使用有损压缩将文件大小减少90%，同时保持出色的感知质量。非常适合音乐库、播客、便携设备以及任何需要广泛兼容性的场景。支持32-320kbps的比特率。自1993年以来成为数字音乐的标准，几乎可以在每个设备和平台上播放。
Waveform Audio File Format - uncompressed PCM audio providing perfect quality preservation. Standard Windows audio format with universal compatibility. Large file sizes (10MB per minute of stereo CD-quality). Perfect for audio production, professional recording, mastering, and situations requiring zero quality loss. Supports various bit depths (16, 24, 32-bit) and sample rates. Industry standard for professional audio work.
Ogg Vorbis - 开源有损音频编码器，提供与MP3/AAC相当的质量，且比特率相似。无专利和许可限制。与MP3在相同质量下文件大小更小。用于游戏、开源软件和流媒体。支持可变比特率（VBR），以获得最佳质量。非常适合需要免费编码器和良好质量的应用。媒体播放器和平台的支持不断增加。
Advanced Audio Coding - successor to MP3 offering better quality at same bitrate (or same quality at lower bitrate). Standard audio codec for Apple devices, YouTube, and many streaming services. Supports up to 48 channels and 96kHz sample rate. Improved frequency response and handling of complex audio. Perfect for iTunes, iOS devices, video streaming, and modern audio applications. Part of MPEG-4 standard widely supported across platforms.
无损音频压缩编码器 - 在不损失任何质量的情况下压缩音频40-60%。完美保留原始音频的逐位精度。开放源代码格式，无专利或许可费用。支持高分辨率音频（192kHz/24-bit）。非常适合归档音乐收藏、音响爱好者听音和质量至关重要的场景。广泛支持媒体播放器和流媒体服务。质量与文件大小之间的理想平衡。
MPEG-4 Audio - AAC or ALAC audio in MP4 container. Standard audio format for Apple ecosystem (iTunes, iPhone, iPad). Supports both lossy (AAC) and lossless (ALAC) compression. Better quality than MP3 at same file size. Includes metadata support for artwork, lyrics, and rich tags. Perfect for iTunes library, iOS devices, and Apple software. Widely compatible across platforms despite Apple association. Common format for purchased music and audiobooks.
Windows Media Audio - Microsoft's proprietary audio codec with good compression and quality. Standard Windows audio format with native OS support. Supports DRM for protected content. Various profiles (WMA Standard, WMA Pro, WMA Lossless). Comparable quality to AAC at similar bitrates. Perfect for Windows ecosystem and legacy Windows Media Player. Being superseded by AAC and other formats. Still encountered in Windows-centric environments and older audio collections.
无损格式
Apple Lossless Audio Codec - Apple's lossless compression reducing file size 40-60% with zero quality loss. Perfect preservation of original audio like FLAC but in Apple ecosystem. Standard lossless format for iTunes and iOS. Supports high-resolution audio up to 384kHz/32-bit. Smaller than uncompressed but larger than lossy formats. Perfect for iTunes library, audiophile iOS listening, and maintaining perfect quality in Apple ecosystem. Comparable to FLAC but with better Apple integration.
Monkey's Audio - 高效的无损压缩，达到比FLAC更好的压缩比（通常为原始文件的55-60%）。完美保留质量，零损失。免费格式，开放规范。压缩/解压缩速度比FLAC慢。受到音响爱好者社区的欢迎。与FLAC相比，播放器支持有限。非常适合在最大空间节省的情况下进行归档，同时保持完美质量。最适合存储空间至关重要而处理速度不重要的场景。
WavPack - hybrid lossless/lossy audio codec with unique correction file feature. Can create lossy file with separate correction file for lossless reconstruction. Excellent compression efficiency. Perfect for flexible audio archiving. Less common than FLAC. Supports high-resolution audio and DSD. Convert to FLAC for universal compatibility.
True Audio - lossless audio compression with fast encoding/decoding. Similar compression to FLAC with simpler algorithm. Open-source and free format. Perfect quality preservation. Less common than FLAC with limited player support. Perfect for audio archiving when FLAC compatibility not required. Convert to FLAC for broader compatibility.
Audio Interchange File Format - Apple's uncompressed audio format, equivalent to WAV but for Mac. Stores PCM audio with perfect quality. Standard audio format for macOS and professional Mac audio applications. Supports metadata tags better than WAV. Large file sizes like WAV (10MB per minute). Perfect for Mac-based audio production, professional recording, and scenarios requiring uncompressed audio on Apple platforms. Interchangeable with WAV for most purposes.
现代格式
Opus音频编码器 - 现代开源编码器（2012年）在6kbps到510kbps的所有比特率下提供最佳质量。对语音和音乐表现出色。现代编码器中延迟最低，非常适合VoIP和实时通信。在相同比特率下优于MP3、AAC和Vorbis。被WhatsApp、Discord和WebRTC使用。非常适合流媒体、语音通话、播客和音乐。正在成为互联网音频的通用音频编码器。
{format_webm_desc}
Matroska Audio - audio-only Matroska container supporting any audio codec. Flexible format with metadata support. Can contain multiple audio tracks. Perfect for audio albums with chapters and metadata. Part of Matroska multimedia framework. Used for audiobooks and multi-track audio. Convert to FLAC or MP3 for universal compatibility.
遗留格式
MPEG-1音频层II - MP3的前身，用于广播和DVD。在高比特率下质量优于MP3。DVB（数字电视）和DVD-Video的标准音频编码器。压缩效率低于MP3。非常适合广播应用和DVD制作。作为遗留格式正在被AAC取代，仍在数字电视和视频制作工作流程中遇到。
Dolby Digital (AC-3) - surround sound audio codec for DVD, Blu-ray, and digital broadcasting. Supports up to 5.1 channels. Standard audio format for DVDs and HDTV. Good compression with multichannel support. Perfect for home theater and video production. Used in cinema and broadcast. Requires Dolby license for encoding.
Adaptive Multi-Rate - speech codec optimized for mobile voice calls. Excellent voice quality at very low bitrates (4.75-12.2 kbps). Standard for GSM and 3G phone calls. Designed specifically for speech, not music. Perfect for voice recordings, voicemail, and speech applications. Used in WhatsApp voice messages and mobile voice recording. Efficient for voice but inadequate for music.
Sun/NeXT Audio - simple audio format from Sun Microsystems and NeXT Computer. Uncompressed or μ-law/A-law compressed audio. Common on Unix systems. Simple header with audio data. Perfect for Unix audio applications and legacy system compatibility. Found in system sounds and Unix audio files. Convert to WAV or MP3 for modern use.
{format_mid_desc}
RealAudio - legacy streaming audio format from RealNetworks (1990s-2000s). Pioneered internet audio streaming with low-bitrate compression. Obsolete format replaced by modern streaming technologies. Poor quality by today's standards. Convert to MP3 or AAC for modern use. Historical importance in early internet audio streaming.
专业格式
DTS Coherent Acoustics - surround sound codec competing with Dolby Digital. Higher bitrates than AC-3 with potentially better quality. Used in DVD, Blu-ray, and cinema. Supports up to 7.1 channels and object-based audio. Perfect for high-quality home theater. Premium audio format for video distribution. Convert to AC-3 or AAC for broader compatibility.
Core Audio Format - Apple's container for audio data on iOS and macOS. Supports any audio codec and unlimited file sizes. Modern replacement for AIFF on Apple platforms. Perfect for iOS app development and professional Mac audio. No size limitations (unlike WAV). Can store multiple audio streams. Convert to M4A or MP3 for broader compatibility outside Apple ecosystem.
VOC (Creative Voice File) - audio format from Creative Labs Sound Blaster cards. Popular in DOS era (1989-1995) for games and multimedia. Supports multiple compression formats and blocks. Legacy PC audio format. Common in retro gaming. Convert to WAV or MP3 for modern use. Important for DOS game audio preservation.
Speex - open-source speech codec designed for VoIP and internet audio streaming. Variable bitrate from 2-44 kbps. Optimized for speech with low latency. Better than MP3 for voice at low bitrates. Being superseded by Opus. Perfect for voice chat, VoIP, and speech podcasts. Legacy format replaced by Opus in modern applications.
{format_dss_desc}
如何转换文件
上传您的文件，选择输出格式，立即下载转换后的文件。我们的转换器支持批量转换并保持高质量。
常见问题
SND 格式是什么，它来自哪里？
SND is generic Unix sound format, originally from NeXT computers (NeXTSTEP operating system, late 1980s/early 1990s). It's also called AU (Audio/Unix) format - SND and AU are essentially same thing with different file extensions. The format was designed by Sun Microsystems and adopted by NeXT, becoming standard audio format for Unix workstations before WAV and MP3 existed.
Technical basics: SND files contain PCM audio (uncompressed or compressed with μ-law/A-law), typically 8kHz or 8-bit for voice, though higher quality specs are supported. Simple header followed by audio data. The format's simplicity made it popular for Unix system sounds, telephony applications, and early internet audio.
我应该将 SND 转换为 WAV 还是 MP3？
转换 SND 的强烈理由：
过时格式
SND is dead technology from 1980s Unix. Modern software barely supports it. Convert for compatibility.
低质量源
大多数 SND 文件质量较低（8kHz，8-bit，μ-law）。转换为 WAV 以进行编辑，转换为 MP3 以进行分发。
没有硬件支持
手机、播放器、汽车无法识别 SND。WAV 和 MP3 在任何地方都能工作。转换对于播放至关重要。
网络不兼容
浏览器不支持 SND。流媒体服务拒绝它。为了网络使用和现代分发进行转换。
如果保持质量很重要（档案、编辑），请将 SND 转换为 WAV。如果是为了实际使用（播放、共享、存储），请转换为 MP3。在 2024 年没有理由保留 SND 格式。
SND 和 AU 格式之间有什么区别？
SND 与 AU 的解释：
相同格式
SND 和 AU 是相同的——相同的文件结构，相同的音频数据。唯一的区别是文件扩展名（.snd 与 .au）。
命名历史
.au was Sun Microsystems' original extension. .snd was NeXT's preference. Both refer to same format spec.
MIME 类型
官方 MIME 类型是 'audio/basic' 用于 μ-law SND/AU。Web 服务器对这两种扩展名的处理是相同的。
播放正常
播放 .au 文件的软件也可以播放 .snd 文件。如果需要，只需重命名扩展名——内部格式是相同的。
平台关联
.au 在 Sun/Solaris 系统上稍微更常见，而 .snd 在 NeXT/Mac 上。但实际上是可以互换的。
转换相同
将 SND 转换为 WAV 的过程与将 AU 转换为 WAV 的过程相同。工具对它们的处理是相同的。
现代无关性
现代设备不识别这两种扩展名。两者都过时。今天的区别并不重要。
SND 和 AU 是相同格式的不同名称。Sun 和 NeXT 命名规范之间的历史分歧。完全可以互换。
将 SND 转换为 WAV 会失去质量吗？
取决于 SND 编码。如果 SND 包含未压缩的 PCM，将其转换为 WAV 是无损的——您只是更改容器格式，音频数据是相同的。PCM SND 转换为 WAV 是完美的质量保留。
如果 SND 使用 μ-law 或 A-law 压缩（在电话/语音 SND 文件中常见），那么该音频已经是有损的。将 μ-law SND 转换为 WAV 不会失去额外的质量（解压到 PCM 是标准），但您无法恢复在原始 μ-law 编码中丢失的信息。您将从有损源中获得最佳质量。
低采样率问题：许多 SND 文件为 8kHz/8-bit（电话质量）。转换为 WAV 将完全保留这种低质量——通过转换不会获得质量。SND 的限制（采样率、位深度、压缩）是固定的。转换为 WAV 使文件可用，但无法改善固有质量。
μ-law（mu-law）音频压缩是什么？
μ-law（mu-law 或 u-law）是一种为电话系统开发的对数音频压缩。它使用对数缩放将 16 位音频压缩为 8 位（人耳听觉是对数的）。在文件大小减半的情况下提供合理的语音质量。广泛用于北美/日本电话系统以及 SND/AU 文件中。
它存在的原因：电话网络的带宽有限（每个通道 64 kbps）。μ-law 有效地压缩音频以用于语音通话。这是有损压缩，但优化了语音可懂度，而不是音乐质量。对于音乐来说听起来很糟糕，但对于语音来说可以接受。几十年来在电信行业中是标准。
A-law 替代方案：欧洲/国际电信使用 A-law 压缩（与 μ-law 类似但曲线不同）。两者的目的相同——用于电话的语音压缩。来自不同地区的 SND/AU 文件可能使用 μ-law 或 A-law。现代编解码器（Opus，AAC）远远优于这两者。
我如何将 SND 转换为 WAV 或 MP3？
FFmpeg (best method): `ffmpeg -i input.snd output.wav` converts SND to WAV. For MP3: `ffmpeg -i input.snd -codec:a libmp3lame -q:a 2 output.mp3`. FFmpeg handles all SND variants (PCM, μ-law, A-law) automatically. Fast, reliable, command-line.
Audacity：打开 SND 文件（文件 > 打开），然后导出为 WAV 或 MP3（文件 > 导出）。Audacity 对 SND/AU 提供了出色的支持，并为不习惯命令行的用户提供 GUI。可以使用宏功能进行批量转换。
Online converters: Our converter and others support SND to WAV/MP3. Upload SND, choose format, download. Easy for occasional conversions. For batch processing old Unix archives, FFmpeg scripting is most efficient.
为什么我的SND文件质量如此差？
历史背景：SND格式起源于存储成本高昂和带宽有限的时代。8kHz/8位音频在1980年代和1990年代是语音的可接受妥协。1分钟的8kHz μ-law音频仅约为480KB——在硬盘总容量为100MB时至关重要。质量是为了实用性而牺牲的。
预期用途：SND是为系统声音、语音备忘录和电话通信设计的——而不是音乐。小文件大小下的语音清晰度是优先考虑的。为此，8kHz μ-law效果很好。播放音乐或期望从SND文件中获得高保真度是超出了该格式的设计参数。
无法改善：如果SND文件是8kHz/8位/μ-law，那就是可能的最大质量。转换为WAV或升采样不会增加未录制的信息。低质量是该特定录音的永久特征。如果音频很重要，请寻找更高质量的源文件（如果可用）。
什么软件可以播放SND文件？
SND播放选项：
Audacity
跨平台音频编辑器。出色的SND/AU支持用于播放和转换。免费，可靠。
VLC媒体播放器
Plays almost everything including SND. Windows/Mac/Linux. Best universal media player option.
QuickTime（Mac）
macOS QuickTime播放器原生支持SND（NeXT遗产）。内置Mac对遗留格式的支持。
ffplay
Command-line player from FFmpeg suite. `ffplay file.snd` plays SND files. Minimal but functional.
Windows Media Player
不原生支持SND。需要编解码器包或更好的播放器（VLC）。不推荐。
现代软件对SND的支持有限。VLC和Audacity是最可靠的。对于常规播放，将SND转换为WAV/MP3。
我可以编辑SND文件还是应该先转换？
Convert to WAV first! Modern audio editors (Audacity, Adobe Audition, Reaper) can technically open SND, but editing works better with WAV. WAV is standard editing format - all tools, plugins, and effects expect WAV. SND is input format only in practical workflow.
为什么先转换：更好的软件兼容性，避免格式怪癖，确保插件正常工作，并使导出更容易（WAV到任何格式）。编辑压缩的SND（μ-law）尤其有问题——最好先解压到WAV，编辑，然后导出到所需的最终格式。
Workflow: SND → WAV (via FFmpeg or Audacity) → edit in DAW → export to WAV/MP3/FLAC. Don't edit SND directly and re-save as SND - that's requesting trouble. Treat SND as source material needing conversion to modern formats before serious work.
今天还有地方使用SND文件吗？
当前SND使用情况（罕见）：
遗留系统
Old Unix servers, ancient telephony systems, vintage NeXT software. Maintained for compatibility, not by choice.
复古计算
NeXT仿真、复古Mac软件、复古游戏。仅限爱好者/保存上下文。
档案收藏
大学、博物馆保存1990年代互联网内容或NeXT材料。历史文献。
嵌入式系统
一些古老的工业/电话设备仍在使用SND/AU。替换零件场景，而非新部署。
不适用于新项目
在2024年没有理由创建SND文件。使用WAV（无损压缩）、FLAC（无损）或Opus（高效现代）。
Sun Microsystems Gone
Sun (SND's creator) was acquired by Oracle in 2010. Format has no active development or support.
NeXT历史
NeXT merged into Apple 1997. macOS has NeXT DNA but doesn't promote SND format. Legacy support only.
学术兴趣
计算机科学历史，数字保存研究。研究已死格式，而不是使用它们。
推荐转换
如果您遇到SND，请立即转换。不要保留过时格式——以现代格式保留音频内容。
互联网考古学
1990年代早期的网站有时会有.au文件。转换这些文件就是在保存互联网历史。
SND文件的最大质量是多少？
格式技术上支持：最高32位音频、各种采样率（尽管8kHz是最常见的）、多个通道和不同编码（PCM、μ-law、A-law、ADPCM）。然而，高质量的SND文件是罕见的——该格式用于低质量应用（电话、系统声音）。
实际情况：您遇到的99%的SND文件是8kHz/8位/μ-law（电话质量）或8kHz/16位（稍微好一点）。高质量的SND文件在理论上存在，但没有人使用SND进行高质量录音——WAV、AIFF和后来的格式更受欢迎。
If you need quality: Don't use SND format. Use WAV (up to 192kHz/32-bit, universally compatible), FLAC (lossless compression), or ALAC (Apple lossless). SND is wrong choice for quality audio in any era. Its role was utility audio, not fidelity.
我如何批量转换SND文件？
FFmpeg batch - Windows PowerShell: `Get-ChildItem -Filter *.snd | ForEach-Object { ffmpeg -i $_.Name -codec:a pcm_s16le "$($_.BaseName).wav" }` converts all SND to WAV. For MP3: use `-codec:a libmp3lame -q:a 2` instead.
Linux/Mac bash: `for f in *.snd; do ffmpeg -i "$f" "${f%.snd}.wav"; done` processes folder. Simple, effective. Adjust output format (wav, mp3, flac) as needed for your use case.
Audacity Macros: Create macro with Import > Export WAV. Apply to folder of SND files. GUI batch conversion for users who prefer avoiding command line. Good for small collections, FFmpeg better for thousands of files.
为什么SND格式未能保持相关性？
Better alternatives appeared: WAV (Microsoft/IBM, 1991) had better Windows support and became universal. MP3 (1993) offered compression that actually sounded good. FLAC (2000s) provided lossless compression. SND's niche (Unix system sounds, telephony) wasn't large enough to sustain it.
Unix decline in consumer market: Sun workstations and NeXT computers were expensive professional tools. When consumer computing shifted to Windows and Mac, Unix-specific formats lost relevance. Linux inherited SND support but never promoted it - Linux audio moved to modern formats.
技术限制：μ-law/A-law压缩在现代标准下听起来很糟糕。8kHz/8位在1980年代是可以接受的，在1990年代不可接受，而在今天则令人发笑。SND无法快速进化——更好的格式在SND适应之前就占据了市场份额。
我应该保留SND文件还是只转换它们？
出于历史/档案目的：保留SND原件并创建现代转换。如果文件来自复古NeXT软件、早期互联网或计算机历史，原始SND文件是值得保存的文物。转换为WAV/FLAC以便于使用，保留SND以保持真实性。
对于实用内容：转换并丢弃SND。如果文件只是语音备忘录、系统声音或没有历史意义的通用音频，请转换为WAV/MP3并继续。没有实际理由为常见内容维护过时格式。
档案策略：转换为FLAC（如果是PCM源）或保留为WAV。添加元数据解释来源（“从NeXT SND文件转换，1992”）。记录源格式以供将来参考。以可访问的格式保留内容，而不是依附于已死的容器。
SND与AU与WAV——历史是什么？
SND/AU (1989-1990s): Sun Microsystems and NeXT created AU/SND for Unix audio. Simple format optimized for telephony and system sounds. Dominated Unix world before multimedia era. Used μ-law compression from telecom industry. Good for its time and purpose.
WAV (1991): Microsoft and IBM created WAV for Windows 3.1 multimedia. Based on RIFF container (also used for AVI video). Became universal standard due to Windows market dominance. Uncompressed PCM was default, making it large but compatible. Superior to SND in ecosystem support.
Outcome: WAV won through Windows ubiquity. SND/AU survived on Unix but never escaped niche. Today, WAV is standard for uncompressed audio, FLAC for lossless compression, MP3/AAC for lossy. SND/AU are historical footnotes. Use WAV for compatibility, FLAC for archival, MP3 for distribution. Never SND.